Mongol Empire
1206 CE – 1368 CE
From Genghis Khan's unification of the steppe to the fall of the Yuan — the largest contiguous land empire in history, sweeping from Korea to the gates of Europe.
290 events · 429 people · 5 eras
Key events
- Battle of the Kalka River1223 CEThe Battle of the Kalka River was fought between the Mongol Empire, whose armies were led by Jebe and Subutai, and a coalition of several Rus' principalities, including Kiev and Galicia-Volhynia, and the Cumans under Köten. They were under the joint command of Mstislav the Bold and Mstislav III of Kiev. The battle was fought on May 31, 1223 on the banks of the Kalka River in present-day Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, and ended in a decisive Mongol victory.
- Siege of Baghdad1258 CE1258 Mongol conquest of the Abbasid Caliphate
- Battle of Ain Jalut1260 CEThe Battle of Ain Jalut, also spelled Ayn Jalut, was fought between the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt and the Ilkhanate on 3 September 1260 near the spring of Ain Jalut in southeastern Galilee in the Jezreel Valley. It marks the first major halt to Mongolian advances and paused their expansion into Arabia and Europe.
- Black Death1346 CE1346–1353 pandemic in Eurasia and North Africa
- Mongol invasions and conquests1206 CEseries of Mongol invasions and conquests (1206–1405)
- Red Turban Rebellion1351 CEThe Red Turban Rebellions were uprisings against the Yuan dynasty between 1351 and 1368, eventually leading to its collapse. Remnants of the Yuan imperial court retreated northwards and is thereafter known as the Northern Yuan in historiography.
- Battle of Köse Dağ1243 CEThe Battle of Köse Dağ took place in eastern Anatolia on 26 June 1243 when an army of the Sultanate of Rum, led by Sultan Kaykhusraw II, confronted an invading Mongol army under the general Baiju and was decisively defeated. The battle was the pivotal event of the Mongol conquest of Anatolia: Rum, previously a significant independent power in the eastern Mediterranean, was reduced to the status of a client kingdom, and its territories were later absorbed into the Mongol Ilkhanate.
- Byzantine–Ottoman wars1265 CEconflict
- Siege of Acre1291 CE1291 siege
- Battle of Bapheus1302 CEThe Battle of Bapheus occurred on 27 July 1302, between an Ottoman army under Osman I and a Byzantine army under George Mouzalon. The battle ended in a crucial Ottoman victory, cementing the Ottoman state and heralding the final capture of Byzantine Bithynia by the Ottoman Turks.
- Battle of Forbie1244 CE1244 battle
- Battle of Fariskur1250 CEThe Battle of Fariskur was the last major battle of the Seventh Crusade. The battle was fought on 6 April 1250, between the Crusaders led by King Louis IX of France and Egyptian forces led by Turanshah of the Ayyubid dynasty.
Notable people
- Genghis Khan1162 CE – 1227 CE
- Timur1336 CE – 1405 CE
- Kublai Khan1215 CE – 1294 CE
- Osman I1258 CE – 1326 CE
- Louis IX of France1214 CE – 1270 CE
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor1194 CE – 1250 CE
- Edward I of England1239 CE – 1307 CE
- Orhan1281 CE – 1362 CE
- Gregory IX1170 CE – 1241 CE
- Ögedei Khan1186 CE – 1241 CE
- Alexander Nevsky1220 CE – 1263 CE
- Batu Khan1205 CE – 1255 CE
Eras spanning this view
Byzantine Empire330 CE – 1453 CEAbbasid Caliphate750 CE – 1258 CEKamakura period1185 CE – 1333 CEOttoman Empire1299 CE – 1922 CEMuromachi period1336 CE – 1573 CE
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Events from Wikipedia/Wikidata (CC-BY-SA); boundaries from OpenHistoricalMap (ODbL). Spotted a mistake? Email [email protected].