← Annalium map

Benito Mussolini

1883 CE – 1945 CE

Retrace Benito Mussolini's life across the map — 8 events in chronological order, from a cinematic flythrough to a full timeline.

Life journey

1. March on Rome1922 CE
   The March on Rome was an organized mass demonstration in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy.
2. Italo-Soviet Pact1933 CE
   The Pact of Friendship, Neutrality, and Non-Aggression between Italy and the Soviet Union, also known as the Italo-Soviet Pact, was a non-aggression pact between the Soviet Union and Italy. Signed on 2 September 1933, the agreement was in place until 22 June 1941, when Italy declared war on the Soviet Union at the beginning of Operation Barbarossa. The pact built on earlier economic relations, seeking to ensure security in the Balkans, and for a time, mutual suspicion of German intentions.
3. Second Italo-Ethiopian War1935 CE
   The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Italy against Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to May 1936. In Ethiopia it is often referred to simply as the Italian Invasion, and in Italy as the Ethiopian War. The war is regarded as the largest colonial campaign in history.
4. Munich agreement1938 CE
   The Munich Agreement was reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of the First Czechoslovak Republic called the Sudetenland, where three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. The pact is known in some areas as the Munich Dictate, or the Munich Betrayal, because of a previous 1924 alliance agreement and a 1925 military pact between France and the Czechoslovak Republic.
5. Eastern Front1941 CE
   The Eastern Front, also known as the Great Patriotic War, or the German–Soviet War, was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland. It encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans), and lasted from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. Of the estimated 70–85 million deaths attributed to the war, around 30 million occurred on the Eastern Front, including 9 million children. The Eastern Front was decisive in determining the outcome in the European theatre of operations in World War II and is the main cause of the defeat of Nazi Germany and the Axis nations. Historian Geoffrey Roberts noted that "more than 80 percent of all combat during the Second World War took place on the Eastern Front".
6. Treaties of Rome (1941)1941 CE
   The 1941 Treaties of Rome were a series of treaties concluded by the Kingdom of Italy and the collaborationist Independent State of Croatia on 18 May 1941, following the Axis Invasion of Yugoslavia during World War II. The treaties determined the borders between the NDH and Italy, effectively ceding territory largely organised as the Governorate of Dalmatia to the latter. They also prohibited the NDH from deploying naval forces to the Adriatic Sea, and restricted movement of its troops in the Italian-controlled part of the NDH.
7. World War II in Albania1942 CE
   In Albania, World War II began with its invasion by Italy in April 1939. Fascist Italy set up Albania as its protectorate or puppet state. The resistance was largely carried out by Communist groups against the Italian and then German occupation in Albania. At first independent, the Communist groups united in the beginning of 1942, which ultimately led to the successful liberation of the country in 1944.
8. Spring 1945 offensive in Italy1945 CE
   The Spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War. The attack in the Lombard Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of all Axis forces in Italy.

Event data from Wikipedia/Wikidata (CC-BY-SA). Spotted a mistake? Email [email protected].